Power Sharing Class 10 CBSE Notes | Class 10 Civics Chapter 1 Notes

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Belgium and Sri Lanka & Majoritarianism in Sri Lanka

Quick Review

• Belgium is a tiny nation in Europe. This nation’s capital is Brussels.
• The ethnic makeup of Belgium is extremely complex.
• Three languages are most commonly spoken in Belgium: Dutch (59%) followed by French (40%) and German (1%). (1 percent).
• An island nation is Sri Lanka. Its population is diverse.
• In Sri Lanka, 74 percent of people are native Sinhala speakers, and 18 percent are Tamil speakers.
• There are four religions in Sri Lanka:
  • 1. Buddhism
  • 2. Islam
  • 3. Hinduism
  • 4. Christianity
• Tamil was ignored when a law was issued in 1956 designating Sinhala as the sole official language of Sri Lanka.
• The democratically elected government implemented a number of majoritarian measures to create Sinhala supremacy because the leaders of the Sinhala community intended to achieve power over the government by virtue of their majority.
• It was a majoritarian system.
• In the 1980s, a number of political groups emerged calling for the creation of an independent Tamil Eelam (state) in Sri Lanka’s north and east.
• Because of the mistrust between the two populations, widespread strife developed, leading to the Civil War.

Other History Notes

• [Part 1] Work, Life And Leisure Class 10 History Notes
• [Part 2] Work, Life And Leisure Class 10 History Notes

Flowcharts

Main Points

• Democracy : A System Of Administration Whose Name Directly Translates To “Rule By The People.”
• Majoritarianism : Majoritarianism is a form of government in which the majority community dominates the nation while disregarding the interests and wants of the minority.
• Legislature : a deliberative gathering with the authority to enact, alter, and abolish laws
• Federal Government : Federal government is the traditional name for a general government that governs the entire nation.
• Community Government : wherein several social groupings are granted the authority to manage matters pertaining to their communities
• Civil War : a violent fight between rival groups inside a nation that worsens to the point where it resembles war.
• Ethnic : a split in society caused by a common culture.
• Indian Tamils : The Tamils who immigrated to Sri Lanka as plantation labourers from India during colonial authority are known as “Indian Tamils.“
• Sri Lankan Tamils : “Sri Lankan Tamils” refers to Sri Lankan Tamil indigenous.

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FAQs

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Accommodation in Belgium Forms of Power Sharing

Quick Review of Power Sharing Class 10 Civics Notes

• Power sharing is a system in which each of the major societal groups is given a constant proportion of power in the nation’s governance.
• The idea of political equality suggests that all citizens ought to enjoy the same political freedoms and have equal access to all positions of power.
• The institution of government is where the State’s will is formulated, expressed, and put into action.
• Prudential reason and moral reason are the two main categories of justifications for sharing authority.
• A group of people who identify as belonging to the same ethnicity based on shared cultural, behavioral, linguistic, and religious characteristics.
• Community government is a form of government in which various social groupings are given the authority to manage matters pertaining to their community.
• It is highly inventive of the Belgian politicians to have devised a plan that would allow everyone to coexist within the same nation.
• According to Belgium’s Constitution, there must be an equal number of ministers who speak both Dutch and French in the Central Government.
• The Central Government is not above the State Governments.
• Brussels has a distinct government with equal representation for both communities.
• A third type of government, known as “Community Government,” exists in addition to the Central and Government.
• Power sharing is desirable because :
  • It aids in lowering the likelihood of social group conflict.
  • It embodies the very essence of democracy.

Power-sharing arrangements in Modern democracies can take a variety of shapes:

1. The legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government all have equal authority.
2. A general government that governs the entire nation as well as governments at the provincial or regional levels can share power.
3. Other social groupings, like the linguistic and religious ones, may also share power.
4. Power-sharing agreements can also be evident in the ways that political parties, interest groups, and movements influence or manipulate persons in positions of authority.

Flowchart of Power Sharing Class 10 Notes

Main Points of Power Sharing Class 10

• Power Sharing : The division of power among various levels of government, organs, or communities within a nation in order to maintain efficient government operations and prevent all power from being centralized in one individual.
• Prudential : Based on caution or meticulous analysis of gains and losses. Decisions based only on moral grounds are typically contrasted with prudent decisions.
• Check and Balances : A system where each branch of government checks the others, creating a balance of power across different institutions.
• Coalition Government : A political party coalition that results in the formation of a government.
• Pressure Groups : Pressure groups are organizations that work to sway government policies in order to advance their own agendas.
• Legitimate Government : A legitimate government is one in which involvement by the populace results in ownership of the institution.
• Horizontal Distribution of Power : Different governmental branches, including the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, share authority.
• Vertical Division of Power : Power distribution between higher and lower governmental levels, such as between the federal and state governments.

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