Novels Society and History Class 10 History Notes | Novels Society and History Class 10 Notes PDF

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TOPIC-1

Emergence of the Novel in the West

Quick Review

  • The novel provided freedom in terms of writing style.
  • The first object that was sold in large quantities was the novel.
  • The “Pickwick Papers” by Charles Dicken was published in serial form in a journal in 1836.
  • In his books, Charles Dickens mostly addressed the appalling realities of urban life under industrial capitalism.
  • The vast majority of the book’s readers were urban dwellers.
  • The book served as a link between the rural and urban areas.
  • The language of the book was regional.
  • The involvement of women was the novel’s most thrilling component.
  • The female novelists had an open mind.
  • Young boys loved adventure-filled books.
  • Early books gave readers a sense of belonging to an elite group of fellow colonists.
  • Novel writing started in the 17th century but really took off in the 18th.
  • Famous 18th-century novelists include Samuel Richardson, Walter Scott, and Henry Fielding.
  • The 1838 book “Oliver Twist” by Charles Dickens is a classic.
  • Germinal, written by Emile Zola in 1885, is centred on the deplorable circumstances of miners’ lives.
  • It was quite common to write love stories for teenage girls, such as Helen Hunt Jackson’s “Ramona” and Sarah Chauncey Woolsey’s “What Katy Did” series.
  • Novels by authors like Joseph Conrad depicted the darker aspect of colonial occupation.

Class 10 History Other Chapters

Important Novels :

NovelsAuthors
Treasure IslandRobert Louis Stevenson
RamonaHelen Hunt
Jungle BookRudyard Kipling
What Katy DidSarah Chauncey Woolsey

Important foreign authors and their works include:

NovelsAuthors
GerminalEmile Zola
Major of Caster bridgeThomas Hardy
Robinson CrusoeDaniel Defoe
Jane EyreCharlotte Bronte
A tale of Two Cities, David Copper fieldCharles Dickens.

Flowchart

Flowchart of Novels Society and History

Important Terms of Class 10 History Chapter 8

  • Epistolary: A string of letters has been written.
  • Vernacular: The tongue used by a specific region or population.
  • Serialised: A publishing format where a story is published in parts, each in a separate journal issue.
  • Satire: A hilarious means of criticising someone or something.
  • Gentlemanly classes: People with noble birth claims and high social status. They were expected to model appropriate behaviour.

The Age of Industrialization Class 10 Notes

Important Dates

  • 1719: The book “Robinson Crusoe” by Daniel Defoe was released.
  • 1740: In Europe, lending libraries were established.
  • 1749: Published was “Tom Jones” by Henry Fielding.
  • 1828: Leo Tolstoy, a well-known Russian author, was born.
  • 1836: Pickwick Papers by Charles Dicken was serialised in a magazine.
  • 1838: The novel “Oliver Twist” by Charles Dickens was released.
  • 1854: In his book “Hard Times” Clarles Dickens described the disastrous impacts of industrialisation on people’s lives and fictional characters.
  • 1883: The book “Treasure Island” by R.L. Stevenson was released.
  • 1885: The bleak circumstances of miners’ lives are shown in Emile Zola’s “Germinal.”
  • 1886: The Mayor of Casterbridge by Thomas Hardy was released.

TOPIC – 2

Emergence of the Novel in India

Quick Review of Novels Society and History Notes

  • An early example of prose storytelling can be found in Banabhatta’s “Kadambari,” which was written in Sanskrit in the seventh century.
  • In the nineteenth century, India was the birthplace of the modern novel.
  • Bengali and Marathi were the languages used to write some of the earliest Indian novels. “Yamuna Paryatan” (1857) and “Muktamala” are two examples (1861).
  • The popularity of the novel was spread through translations into several regional tongues.
  • During the colonial era, novels appeared in South Indian languages.
  • The first modern novel written in Malayalam was titled “Indulekha.”
  • In 1878, Kandukuri Virensalingam published his first Telugu book, “Rajasekhara Caritamu.”
  • “Pariksha-Guru” was the title of Srinivas Das’s first contemporary book, which was released in 1882.
  • “Chandrakanta” was one of Devaki Nandan Khatri’s most well-known books.
  • Premchand is best known for his novels, particularly “Rangbhoomi” and “Godan.”
  • Sewa Sadan, another well-known book by Premchand, was published.

Important Points

  • Vernacular literature was a great way to learn about Indian culture and customs.
    • Up to twenty-two copies of detective and mystery books were printed in Tamil.
    • Women started to create novels as well. Their primary focus was on love stories.
    • Sultana’s Dream‘ is a satirical fantasy written in English by Rokeya Sakhawat Hossein
  • The novel “Padmarag” by Rokeyya Hossein emphasized the need for women to change their circumstances on their own.
    • According to reports, Hannah Mullens’ “Karuna O Phulmonir Bibaran” was the first Bengali book.
    • The only reason Sailabala Ghosh Jaya could write was because her husband looked out for her
  • A significant critique of caste discrimination is made in the book “Saraswativijayam” by North Kerala author Potheri Kunjambu.
    • The epic “Titash Ekti Nadir Naam” by Advaita Malla Burman is about the Mallas.
    • Early Muslim author Vaikkom Muhammad Basheer was well-known.
    • Anguriya Binimoy‘ by Bhudeb Mukhopadhyay was the first historical novel in Bengali.
    • Anandamath, a book by Bankim, served as inspiration for numerous independence fighters.

Important Indian Novelist and their works :

Novel NameWritters
Titash Ekti Nadir NaamAdvaita Malla Burman
SaraswativijayamPotheri Kunjambu
AnandmathBankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
Pariksha GuruShrinivas Das
GodanPrem Chand
Sultana’s DreamRokeya Hossein

Flowcharts of Novels Society and History Notes

[Part 2] Novels Society and History Notes | Novels Society and History Class 10 Notes PDF

Important Terms of  Novels Society and History Notes

  • Bhadralok : A Bengali term that means gentleman.
  • Colonialism : Policy of colony acquisition or maintenance.
  • Meyeli : A tongue used by Bengali females.
  • Kissa-goi : Storytelling is an art.
  • Fantasy : Imaginative writing or composition that uses fictional characters, etc.
  • Epic : A lengthy poem detailing the exploits or successes of a hero or a country.
  • Gentlemanly classes : People with aristocratic birthrights and great social status. They were expected to model appropriate behavior.
  • Historical novel : The book using historical events as its basis.
  • Dastan : Persian and Urdu have a long history of writing heroic and adventurous stories in prose.
  • Jatra : Dramatic presentation in public theaters. In Bengali rural society, it is particularly well-liked.
  • Protagonist : The protagonist of a drama, movie, or novel.
  • Slave trader : A dealer in slaves who buys and sells them.
  • Pen-name : Fictitious name adopted by a writer only for the purpose of writing anonymously.
  • Kabirlarai : A Bengali term for extempore poetry competitions between poets.

Important Dates

  • 1857 : Yamuna Paryatan, a Marathi novel by Baba Padmanji, was released.
  • 1857 : The first historical novel written in Bengal, “Anguriya Binimoy,” by Bhudeb Mukhopadhyay, was published.
  • 1865 : “Durgeshnandini,” a book by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay, was released.
  • 1878 : The Telugu novel “Rajasekhara Caritamu” by Kandukuri Viresalingam was released.
  • 1882 : Das’s first book in Hindi, “Pariksha Guru,” was released.
  • 1882 : Anandmath, a book by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay that motivated independence warriors, was published.
  • 1889 : The first contemporary novel in Malayalam, “Indulekha,” by O. Chandu Menon, was published.
  • 1892 : Saraswati Vijayam is a well-known book written by North Keralan Potheri Kunjambu, a member of a lower caste.
  • 1905 : “Sultana’s Dream,” a satirical fantasy by Rokeya Hossein, was written in English.
  • 1916 : The book “Sewasadan” by Premchand was released.
  • 1936 : The novel “Godan,” written by Premchand, was published and quickly rose to fame.
  • 1956 : The epic “Titash Ekti Nadir Naam,” written by Advaita Malla Burman about the Mallas, a group of fisherman, was released.

Conclusion 

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